eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
143
158
10.22059/pbs.2015.55525
55525
Dendrosomal nano-curcumin; The novel formulation to improve the anticancer properties of curcumin
Maryam Tahmasebi Birgani
tahmasebi-ma@ajums.ac.ir
1
Vahid Erfani-Moghadam
v_erfani@yahoo.com
2
Esmail Babaei
babaei@tabrizu.ac.ir
3
Farhood Najafi
farhoodnajafi@yahoo.com
4
Mina Zamani
mina.zamani1367@gmail.com
5
Molood Shariati
molood_1398@yahoo.com
6
Shima Nazem
nazem_shima@yahoo.com
7
Baharak Farhangi
farhangi.baharak@gmail.com
8
Paria Motahari
9
Majid Sadeghizadeh
sadeghma@modares.ac.ir
10
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of advanced Medical Technology, Golestan University of Medical sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology
Department of Genetics, Faculty of biological sciences, Tarbiat Modares Univesity of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Genetics, Faculty of biological sciences, Tarbiat Modares Univesity of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Genetics, Faculty of biological sciences, Tarbiat Modares Univesity of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Genetics, Faculty of biological sciences, Tarbiat Modares Univesity of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Genetics, Faculty of biological sciences, Tarbiat Modares Univesity of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Genetics, Faculty of biological sciences, Tarbiat Modares Univesity of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol extracted from the plant curcuma longa with establishedanticancer properties. However, curcumin benefits have been impaired by its very low watersolubility, low absorption, rapid metabolism and clearance from the body. Recently,nanotechnology promises to be helpful in development of drugs delivery systems by recentadvances in macromolecular design of nanocarriers. In this review, we present the novelgeneration of nano-vehicles termed dendrosomes which are readily synthesized fromesterification of oleic acid and polyethylene glycol residues. Dendrosomes efficientlyencapsulate curcumin in a spherical micellar or polymersome structures which leads to increaseaqueous solubility of this hydrophobic agent and higher bioavailability of curcumin. Anticancerpotency of this nanoformulation was confirmed in different mouse and human cancercells including fibrosarcoma, colon, glioblastoma, bladder, gastric, breast and hepatocellularcarcinoma in vitro and vivo. It has also demonstrated that this nano preparation has nocytotoxicity effects on normal cells. Finally, these results introduce dendrosomal curcumin aspotent anti-tumor agent although further clinical examinations are needed.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_55525_6ee862d2c180dd281137714f73b97432.pdf
Cancer
Curcumin
dendrosomal curcumin
dendrosome
Nanotechnology
eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
159
167
10.22059/pbs.2015.55526
55526
Antibacterial activity of some actinomycetes isolated from soils of Alborz province, Iran
Ensieh Salehghamari
ensiehsalehghamari@gmail.com
1
Mona Soleimani
mowj1111112000@yahoo.com
2
Vida Tafacori
tafakoriv@gmail.com
3
1. Department of Cellular and Molecular Science, School of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Karaj, Iran 2. Cell-Development and biodiversity research center, Karaj, Iran
Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Science, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Cellular and Molecular Science, School of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Karaj, Iran
Screening of microorganisms for the production of novel antibiotics has been intensivelypursued for many years by scientists. Actinomycetes have the capability to synthesize manydifferent antibiotics. A total of 69 actinomycete isolates were recovered from soil samplescollected from Alborz Province. Selected colonies (rough, chalky) of actinomycetes werepurified. All screened isolates were identified morphologically and physiologically. And all ofthem belong to the Streptomyces genus. These were then assessed for their antibacterial activityagainst pathogenic bacteria. Four pathogenic test strains were used in this study includingStaphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633, Klebsiella pneumoniaeATTC 10031, and Escherichia coli ATCC 29998. Determination of antibacterial activities ofisolated actinomycetes performed by using modified spektra-plak method and Mueller Hintonagar (Oxoid) plates. Antagonism was detected by formation of inhibition zone. Results of thestudy indicated that 12 isolates were active against S. aureus, 15 isolates against B. subtilis, sixisolate against K. pneumonia, and four isolate were active against E. coli.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_55526_cd571dcaa5df625b22f90e5ea68cca44.pdf
Antibacterial activity
bioactive isolate
pathogenic bacteria
Screening
Streptomyces
eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
169
180
10.22059/pbs.2015.55527
55527
Effects of liquid, temporary immersion bioreactor and solid culture systems on micropropagation of Lilium ledebourii via bulblet microscales— An endangered valuable plant with ornamental potential
Masoud Mirmasoumi
mirmasoumi@ut.ac.ir
1
Mehdi Bakhshaie
mbakhshaie@ut.ac.ir
2
Department of Plant Physiology, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Lilium ledebourii (Baker) Boiss. (Liliaceae) is a critically endangered lily species native tonorthern Iran, where it is protected by law. In order to develop a cost effective method for largescalepropagation, the effects of three culture systems (solid, liquid and temporary immersion)and two types of cytokinins [6-Benzyladenine (BA) and Thidiazuron (TDZ)] were studied onthe in vitro plant regeneration of L. ledebourii. To establish the protocol, we used in vitroregenerated bulblets obtained from bulb scale segments that were cultured on solid Murashigeand Skoog (MS) media as starting material. The bulblet microscale transverse thin cell layerswere cultured on MS solid medium containing 3% sucrose and different combinations of plantgrowth regulators. Choice of both, the culture system and the type of cytokinin, affected thedifferentiation of explants. Two types of calli formed on explants: type I callus wasembryogenic, while type II callus was shoot organogenesis. The highest percentage (94%) ofembryogenic callus was obtained when calli were transferred on MS solid media supplementedwith 0.54 μM α-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.44 μM BA. In addition, it was alsoobserved that the use of temporary immersion bioreactor resulted in a significantly loweramount of shoot organogenesis rather than solid culture systems. Seventy percent of theplantlets were successfully acclimatized to ex–vitro conditions and were phenotypically similarto the mother plants.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_55527_c0bb9f4170dad1fdac3e8a89f2985b0b.pdf
bioreactor
embryogenic callus
Lilium ledebourii
liquid culture
organogenesis
eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
181
193
10.22059/pbs.2015.55528
55528
Amount of Mn and Zn in herbaceous plants growing on industrial area of steel production companies in southeast of Ahvaz, Iran
Parzhak Zoufan
p.zoufan@scu.ac.ir
1
Atefeh Saadatkhah
atefe.usha@gmail.com
2
Saadat Rastegarzadeh
rastegarz@scu.ac.ir
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Postal Code 6135743337, Ahvaz, Iran
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Postal Code 6135743337, Ahvaz, Iran
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Postal Code 6135743337, Ahvaz, Iran
In the present study, a field study was performed on some herbaceous plants growing in thesoutheast of Ahvaz, where some metal producing industries are active. The aim of this studywas to investigate and compare manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) accumulation in seven dominantherbaceous plants in this area. Plant samples were collected randomly. Associated soils weresampled from the same sites next to the root of individual plants. The metals concentration inthe soil and the plant samples were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.Highest Mn and Zn concentrations were observed in the shoots of Halocnemum strobilaceum,Taraxacum kotschyi, Malva parviflora, and Solanum nigrum. Moreover, elevated accumulationof Mn was found in the roots of Lolium temulentum, and Convolvulus arvensis. Regarding todefined standards for phytoremediation purposes, studied plants could not be classified ashyperaccumulators, at least under field conditions. Nevertheless, based on accountedbioconcentration and translocation factors, it seems that the majority of investigated plants havethe metals accumulation capacity in shoot parts.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_55528_894dc73571db6ca57c08a390170e2521.pdf
bioconcentration
metal accumulation
soil concentration
Translocation Factor
eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
195
205
10.22059/pbs.2015.56015
56015
Influential feeding dynamics of sharks and mathematical formulas to estimate the power of biting by morphological data
Mona Goharimanesh
mona_goharimanesh@yahoo.com
1
Fereshteh Ghassemzadeh
fghasemzd@yahoo.com
2
Masoud Goharimanesh
masoud_gohari@yahoo.com
3
MSc student, Biology Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Professor, Biology department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
PhD Candidate, Mechanical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
The mouths of some bony and cartilaginous fishes are located in the anterior part of theirbodies, with a slight variation in sharks, which have theirs located in the abdominal part. Thisvariation is evolutionary over time. The force exerted by the jaws of sharks in order todismember their prey can be examined from two origins: .The determined force exerted by teethand muscles and the force as a result of torque arm through jaw distance. Although sharks applyless force compared to crocodile, their sharp teeth and mouth position provides much strongereffect. Moreover, several species are characterized with heavier upper jaw and this enhances thepower. A mouth located in the anterior part of the body would have less force exerted. On thecontrary, human jaw is shorter, which applies much more force. This paper relates the prebranchiallength and power with preying strength. According to this survey, a couple ofpredators were considered in terms of their mouth position, as well as different kind of feedingand ecological characteristics. Morphological data on several sharks were extracted andevaluated by MATLAB software to prove the following deductive hypothesis. The more thesupport distance (prebranchial length) to concentrated force was, the stronger the shark preyedon animals. The amount of torque had significant relationship with the lever distance andconcentrated force. Besides, several formulas have been recommended to estimate the bite forceand torque based on morphological characteristics.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_56015_f183c6e7f3ba47a99040d694251c0201.pdf
bite force
feeding dynamics
prebranchial length
Torque
shark
eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
207
221
10.22059/pbs.2015.56039
56039
Isolation and identification of native sulfuroxidizing bacterium capable of uranium extraction
Faezeh Fatemi
ffatemi@aeoi.org.ir
1
Abbas Rashidi
micfaravari.lab@aeoi.org.ir
2
Samaneh Jahani
jahani777@yahoo.com
3
Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, I.R. Iran
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, I.R. Iran
Bioleaching is the extraction of metals from their ores through the use of microorganisms. Inthis process, the use of native bacteria leads to achieve more yields of metals. So, in the presentstudy, native sulfur-oxidizing bacterium in potentiality of uranium extraction was isolated fromGhachin mine in Iran and identified by partial gene sequencing. For this purpose, the watersamples were collected from Ghachin mine and cultivated in Starkey medium. In following, theisolate was inoculated into individual Starkey plates and incubated until the colonies indicatingthe purified bacterium appeared. Then, the identification was carried out based on phenotypiccharacteristics and 16s rDNA sequencing. After that, bioleaching of uranium experimentscarried out using uranium ore at 2.5 and 5% pulp densities. The result showed that after 15 daysof incubation, the bacteria in the fresh samples was grown. Following 5-7 days of the plate'sincubation, we obtained the single purified colonies of the bacteria. On the basis of 16s rDNAnucleotide sequencing, the bacteria showed 99.71% similarity to A. thiooxidans ATCC 19377.Besides, the bioleaching experiments indicated that the bacterium is capable of uraniumextraction in 2.5 and 5% pulp densities during 3 and 5 days. In conclusion, in this study, for thefirst time, we isolated the native sulfur-oxidizing bacterium capable of uranium extraction, fromuranium mine of Gachin in Bandar Abbas, Iran.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_56039_723ca895f69293e07298ed19e042ebfd.pdf
Identification
isolation
sulfur-oxidizing bacterium
Uranium
eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
223
232
10.22059/pbs.2015.56040
56040
The effect of diazinon exposure on hepatic tissue and enzymes in male frog Rana sridibunda
Leila Ghasemzadeh
leyla.ghasemzadeh@gmail.com
1
Hamidreza Mohajereani
mohajerani@gmail.com
2
Sima Nasri
nasri@tpnu.ac.ir
3
Alireza Rostami
4
M.S. Payamenoor University, Iran
Assistant professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran
Associate Professor, Biology Department, PayamNoor University,19395-4697 Tehran, Iran
Assistant Professor, Cardiac Surgery Department, Arak University of Medical Science, Iran
The purpose of this study was to examine the acute and sub-acute effects of diazinon onhistopathological parameters of liver tissue and blood level of hepatic enzymes of male commonfrog (Rana ridibunda). Frogs were assigned to 9 groups (n=8, meaning 8 frogs in each group):control and treatment groups with 30, 60, 90 and 120 μg/L diazinon in water for one day or oneweek. Hepatic enzymes containing alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured using biochemical kit. All ALP valueswere significantly different between the control group and one-day and one-week diazinonexposed groups. Hepatocyte changes were observed only for diazinon concentrations greaterthan 60 μl after one week. The most important characteristics of the affected cells werehyperplasia and chromatin formation. Results show that sub-lethal concentrations of diazinonhave an increasing effect on the blood level of hepatic enzymes, which probably indicated thedetoxification response of liver on the basis of diazinon sub-lethal effect model.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_56040_d436fc2e5e0ae6b1636e9dd350efd750.pdf
diazinon
Hepatic enzymes
liver tissue
Rana ridibunda
eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
233
248
10.22059/pbs.2015.56041
56041
Comparative responses of two Trigonella species to salinity and drought stresses in vitro
Armita Kyani
armita_kyani@yahoo.com
1
Vahid Niknam
vniknam@khayam.ut.ac.ir
2
School of Biology, and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
School of Biology, and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Effects of salinity and drought on growth, contents of proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), proteinand activity of antioxidative enzymes were studied in two Trigonella species. Seeds andexplants of T. foenum-graecum and T. aphanoneura were grown on Murashige and Skoogmedium (MS) complemented with iso-osmotic concentrations of NaCl (0, 100, 150 mM) andmannitol (0, 180, 275 mM). Growth and relative water content (RWC) of seedlings and callidecreased by increasing of salinity and drought in both species. In contrast to that of calli,proline and protein contents increased in seedlings of both species under both stresses. Theincrease of proline content in seedlings of T. aphanoneura was higher than that of T. foenumgraecumunder NaCl stress. MDA content in seedlings of T. aphanoneura was higher than thatof T. foenum-graecum and increased in both species under salinity. Among antioxidativeenzymes, catalase (CAT) activity increased continuously in seedlings of T. aphanoneuracomparing to that of T. foenum-graecum. Similar increasing trends were obtained regardingCAT activities in calli of both species under both stresses. Increase in activities of SOD, CATand POX was observed in calli of both species under stress. It seems that undifferentiated callirespond more regularly to both stresses. Finally, higher proline content and lower amount ofMDA could be considered as criteria for higher tolerance of T. foenum-graecum seedlingsagainst osmotic stresses.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_56041_8d794fa0c4f6231a5b51727a0bf82d70.pdf
Antioxidant Enzymes
callus
Lipid Peroxidation
Tissue culture
tolerance
eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
249
259
10.22059/pbs.2015.56042
56042
Diversity of chromosome numbers and meiotic studies in genus Anchusa (Boraginaceae) from Iran (10 Nov 2015)
Maryam Almasi
almasi.maryam@yahoo.com
1
Massoud Ranjbar
ranjbar80.m@gmail.com
2
Department of Biology, Herbarium division, Bu-Ali Sina University, P.O. Box 65175/4161, Hamedan, Iran
Department of Biology, Herbarium division, Bu-Ali Sina University, P.O. Box 65175/4161, Hamedan, Iran
The present study reports the chromosome number and meiotic behaviour of 14 populationsbelonging to four taxa of Anchusa subgenus Buglossum Gusul. from Iran. All populationsshowed the chromosome number 2n= 4x= 32. It is the first meiotic study for A. subg.Buglossum. We discuss some habit form and evolutionary aspect in the light of cytogeneticdata. The origin of polyploidy (auto-allopolyploidy) were also surveyed. As the result of thepresent study and reviewing the chromosome numbers in Anchusa subg. Buglossum and A.subg. Buglossoides Gusul. in Iran, it can be concluded that polyploidy is the major forcemodeling the chromosome evolution within these subgenera. Almost all the studied taxadisplayed regular bivalent pairing and chromosome segregation at meiosis. However, somemeiotic abnormalities observed in different taxa are discussed here.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_56042_117a7d2f393d4491bf5f49cd5f8625f1.pdf
Anchusa subg. Buglossoides
Anchusa subg. Buglossum
Cytomixis
laggard
chromosomes
polyploidy
eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
261
271
10.22059/pbs.2015.56043
56043
Aggregation of adult and fetal hemoglobin by ingested nitrate anions
Rezan Amjadi
rezan.amjadi@yahoo.com
1
Hedayatollah Ghourchian
ghourchian@ut.ac.ir
2
Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi
moosavi@ut.ac.ir
3
Aghdas Banaie
abanaei@ibb.ut.ac.ir
4
Laboratory of Microanalysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, Tnarhe, Iran
Laboratory of Microanalysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, Tnarhe, Iran
Laboratory of Microanalysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, Tnarhe, Iran
Laboratory of Microanalysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, Tnarhe, Iran; and Research Institute of Applied Science, Academic Center of Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), University of Shahid Beheshti, P.O. Box ,Tehran, Iran
The ingested nitrates sourced from tap water, food, chemicals and pharmaceuticals areconverted to nitrites in the body surfaces by bacteria and then, the nitrite ions can lead thestructural changing in hemoglobin. In the present work, aggregation of the purified hemoglobinin adult (HbA) and in fetus or newborn (HbF) in the presence of nitrite ions were studied.Hemoglobin aggregation was performed chemically in the presence of 10 mg/l nitrite ions andexamined by UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 360 nm wavelength. The extrinsic fluorimetricmeasurements indicated that repulsive electrostatic interaction between nitrite anions andnegative charged groups of both types of HbA and HbF molecules leads to expose thehydrophobic patch of the protein molecules. Moreover, the α-helix to β-strand transition in bothtypes of hemoglobins shown by circular dichroism support aggregation process among thisprotein. However, at natural pH, the protonated amino group of Gly in HbF tends to bind tonitrite anions more than the unprotonated forms of Val residue in HbA. The drastic slop ofaggregation plot and shorter lag time of HbF relative to HbA demonstrated more aggregation offormer protein.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_56043_02801af26d93c3ba6157aaf5ccbf9027.pdf
adult hemoglobin
aggregation
nitrate ions
fetal hemoglobin
nitrite ions
eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
273
286
10.22059/pbs.2015.56044
56044
Effects of soil conductivity on properties of saffron corms and in vitro production of its style explants
Sepideh Mashayekhi
s.mashayekhi@gmail.com
1
Monir Hosseinzadeh Namin
monirhosseinzade@yahoo.com
2
Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran, P.O. Box: 1993891176
Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran, P.O. Box: 1993891176
Saffron is the dried stigmas of Crocus sativus L., a member of the Iridaceae family which ispropagated by means of corms. Corms are faced with many stresses in soil. Therefore, it isimportant to reduce these stresses and improve the quantity of saffron production. Biotic andabiotic stresses disrupt the metabolic balance of cells; thereby, resulting in accumulation ofreactive oxygen species (ROS) which cause oxidative damage. In this study, the effect of soilelectrical conductivity (EC) on biochemical indicators of corms, the percentages of callusformation and stigma-like structures (SLSs) on calli were investigated. In order to obtain calliand SLSs, immature style explants from floral buds of corms were collected from three regions(Shahroud, Mardabad and Torbat Heydarieh) and used for tissue culture. Style explants wereseparated first from the immature floral buds, then sterilized and used for tissue culture.Biochemical analysis of calli with SLSs including malondialdehyde (MDA) and prolinecontents, antioxidant enzymes activities and polysaccharides and reducing sugars contents wereinvestigated and compared. Moreover, sodium and potassium ions content and EC of soils ofthe three regions were investigated. The results indicated that corms from Shahroud with thehighest level of EC soil showed more imposed stress than that from Torbat Heidariye andMardabad but the calli percentage and number of SLSs of Mardabad’s were higher than those ofthe other two respectively. In this study, a close relationship between soil EC and in vitroproduction of saffron with a short glance on epigenetic modification was postulated.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_56044_0746f0e1d6dd2d5aa9e277603d48d96c.pdf
Crocus sativus
Electrical conductivity
epigenetic modification
stigma-like
structures
Tissue culture
eng
University of Tehran Press
Progress in Biological Sciences
1016-1058
2228-7833
2015-07-01
5
2
287
301
10.22059/pbs.2015.56045
56045
Optimization of alkaline protease production from a locally isolated Bacillus sp. ZR-5: Potential application as a detergent additive
Hossein Mohammadian
h.mohammadian@pharm.mui.ac.ir
1
Mohammad Rabbani
rabbani@pharm.mui.ac.ir
2
Ali Hafizi
alih271@yahoo.com
3
Hamid MirMohammad Sadeghi
h.mo1365@gmail.com
4
Amin Davary
mndavary@yahoo.com
5
Fatemeh Moazen
fa_moazen@yahoo.com
6
Ziaedin Samsam Shariat
samsam@pharm.mui.ac.ir
7
Zahra Etemadifar
zahra.yasin37@yahoo.com
8
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Chemical Engineering Department, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71345, Iran
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Biochemistry, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
The aim of this study was to optimize protease production using a novel Bacillus sp. ZR-5 strainisolated from the soil, and evaluate its application in detergent industry. The proteolytic activityof the strain was demonstrated using gelatin hydrolysis screening test. Protease productionoptimization was carried out using a two-step approach: a conventional method in order toidentify the best carbon and nitrogen sources followed by the application of response surfacemethodology (RSM) to optimize the factors, which include temperature, pH and incubationtime. Glucose or fructose (5 g/L), wheat bran (5 g/L), temperatures of 25 and 55°C, pH 10.0 andan approximate incubation time of 44 h, were determined as the optimal conditions according tooptimization processes. Validation tests were carried out under these conditions and the resultswere in good agreement with RSM predicted data. The in-gel activity (zymogram) test showedtwo hydrolytic zones with 66.2 and 36.5 kDa molecular weight on the casein containingpolyacrylamide gel. The high compatibility in the presence of detergent powder and washingperformance test suggested that the crude enzyme could be an appropriate choice as a detergentadditive in detergent industries.
https://pbiosci.ut.ac.ir/article_56045_7a4a7f0b10be4213766280be78ec630b.pdf
alkaline proteases
Bacillus sp. ZR-5
detergent compatibility
media optimization
Response Surface Methodology